The explanation below was achieved by comparing and contrasting a variety of different theories.
469
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以下， 已下， いか， いげ
1. not exceeding ..., not more than ..., ... and under, ... and below, ... or fewer
2. below (a standard, level, etc.), under, beneath, less than
3. the following, the below-mentioned, the rest, followed by ...
4. including ..., ... and other (employ...
1. indicates direct object of action
2. indicates subject of causative expression
3. indicates an area traversed
4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place
5. indicates point of departure or separation of action
6. indicates object of d...
1. to do, to carry out, to perform
2. to cause to become, to make (into), to turn (into)
3. to serve as, to act as, to work as
4. to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
5. to judge as being, to view as being, to think of as, to treat as, to use...
