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のだ， んだ
1. the expectation is that ..., the reason is that ..., the fact is that ..., the explanation is that ..., it is that ...
……的样子，预期是……，原因是……，事实是……，解释是……，情况是……
が
1. indicates the subject of a sentence
2. indicates possession
3. but, however, (and) yet, though, although, while
4. and
5. used after an introductory remark or explanation
6. regardless of ..., whether ... (or not), no matter ...
7. indicates a des...
tbd
