1. indicates direct object of action
2. indicates subject of causative expression
3. indicates an area traversed
4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place
5. indicates point of departure or separation of action
6. indicates object of d...
1. to stand (up), to rise, to get to one's feet, to stand on end (e.g. of hairs), to stick up
2. to stand (in a position; of a person, tree, building, etc.), to be situated (in, on)
3. to be (in difficulties, the lead, etc.), to put oneself (in a pos...
1. old person, elderly person, senior citizen
2. trustee of the Japan Sumo Association, retired high-ranking wrestler who is licensed to coach and receives retirement pay
3. senior statesman (of the Tokugawa shogunate)
4. important local official (un...
1. at (place, time), in, on, during
2. to (direction, state), toward, into
3. for (purpose)
4. because of (reason), for, with
5. by, from
6. as (i.e. in the role of)
7. per, in, for, a (e.g. "once a month")
8. and, in addition to
9. if, although
