立彬の日本語
車の排気ガスは都市の深刻な汚染を引き起こしている。
tbd
Car exhaust causes serious pollution in towns.
375
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排気ガス， はいきガス
1. exhaust fumes
tbd
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都市， とし
1. town, city, municipal, urban
tbd
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深刻， しんこく
1. serious, severe, grave, acute
严重的，重大的，危急的，急性的
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汚染， おせん
1. pollution, contamination
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を
1. indicates direct object of action
2. indicates subject of causative expression
3. indicates an area traversed
4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place
5. indicates point of departure or separation of action
6. indicates object of d...
表示动作的直接对象；表示经过的场所；表示离开或分开的点
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引き起こす， ひきおこす
1. to cause, to induce, to bring about, to provoke
2. to pull upright, to help up (e.g. a fallen person)
引起，诱发，导致，引发；扶起，搀扶（例如跌倒的人）
の
1. indicates possessive
2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion
5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
6. (at sentence-end, risi...
句尾起强调作用；助词，表示所有关系
は
1. indicates sentence topic
2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
3. adds emphasis
指示句子的主题；表示与另一选项（无论是否明确提及）形成对比；表示强调
